INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL RESEARCH

Elena DROBYSHEVA

Vaganova Ballet Academy, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Department of Philosophy, History and Theory of the Arts
Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Professor

Cultural Industries in the Contemporary Socio-Cultural Architectonics

The role of cultural industries in the current socio-cultural architectonics is analyzed. Architectonicness is understood as a basic principle of the existence and functioning of culture, allowing to analyze the relationships of structural-functional, dynamic, instrumental and valuable aspects. The current stage of socio-cultural development is evaluated as logically relevant in terms of the synergy of economic, social, technological and mental factors that had influence on the formation of the phenomenon of cultural industries. The parallels between the two global processes are traced: the industrialization of culture as a space of implementation of creative strategies and the growth of the service component of modern society. It is concluded that the leading role of creativity presents a value in the current axiosphere.

Key words: cultural industry, socio-cultural dynamics, cultural architectonic, value, creativity, axiosphere of modern culture, service society.

References

Vitaly YAKOVLEV

Kostroma State University, Kostroma, Russia 
Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Professor of Department of Philosophy, Cultural Science and Social Communications

Bases of the Cultural and Creative Industries as Phenomena of Modern Society

This article analyses «сultural industries» sometimes also known as «creative industries». Defining «creative industries», however, is a matter of considerable inconsistency and disagreement in the academic literature. Usage of the term «creative industries» varies among countries. It is of relatively recent origin. The article discusses the problem of the relation of the conceptual notions of cultural and creative industries within the framework of philosophical approach. A principal aim is to examine concepts which are formulated as «cultural industries» and as «creative industries». The demarcation problem is about how to distinguish between cultural industries and creative industries, including between cultural industries, industries, and other products of human activity. The author considers the evolution of methodological approaches to the conceptualization of cultural industries in the modern society; indications of cultural industries, typical features of cultural production. The article deals with the author's point of view on the nature and scope of the term «creative industries»; are analyzed features of its formation in post-industrial society.

Key words: culture, symbolical creativity, cultural industries, creative industries, creativity, cultural production, cultural policy, culture economy.

References

Ivan V. LEONOV

St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Doctor of Science in Culturology, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of Culture

Olga V. LAZAREVA

St. Petersburg State Institute of Culture, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Post-graduate student of the Department of Theory and History of Culture

«Research Horizons» and Typologies of Cultural Industries

The article is devoted to the consideration of the debatable situation in science regarding the understanding of the essence, as well as the place and role of cultural industries in the modern world. The text reveals the main approaches used by researchers in fixing and defining the scale of cultural industries, from the general production level to the «sectoral» framework. Various typological features are revealed that serve as the basis for the construction of typologies and classifications of cultural industries. In addition, the article presents author’s typology, which includes cultural industries in the structure of the self- reproduction of culture, proposed by O.V. Lazareva.

Key words: cultural industries, brand, creative skill, creative manufactory, virtual reality.

References

Anastasiia VEINMEISTER

Saint Petersburg, Russia
Ph.D. in Philosophy, Associate Professor

Iuliia IVANOVA

The Military Educational-and-Research Centre Naval Academy named after «Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsov», Saint Petersburg, Russia
Ph.D. in Cultural Studies, Associate Professor

“Cultural Industries” and “Creative Industries”: the Concepts’ Boundary

The aim of the article is to analyze the definitions “cultural industries” and “creative industries”. The authors consider different notional definitions and sphere of the application of the concept “cultural industry”. In this paper two major modern concepts “creativity” and “creation” are related to each other. The article is devoted to the existing conceptual approaches to the study of the cultural industries and their role in the modern reproduction of social and cultural spheres. On the basis of literature review authors analyze the role creative industries play in national innovation system.

Key words: cultural industries, creative industries, culture, art, creativity, economics, Russian experience.

References

Alexei KRIVOLAP

Polоtsk State University, Novopolotsk, Belarus
Associate Professor of Social Studies and Humanities Chair's on Department of Finance and Economics
Ph.D. in Cultural Studies

Creative Industries as the Yeast for "Fermentation" of Cultural Identity

The article discusses the relationship between the creative industries and the constructivist approach to understanding cultural identity. The article considers the main limitations for the application of the term “cultural identity”. The approaches to describing the transformation from culture to the creative industries are compared. The text mentions the emergence of the creative proletariat – precariat and its relationship with the creative industries. We use the term "instagrammy", proposed by L. Manovich, to explain the possibility of constructing one's own cultural identity in the process of media consumption. As examples there are various data on media consumption (television, social networks). The observations and conclusions made in the article allow the author to formulate the idea that the cultural industry can be regarded as a permanent generator with insignificant distinctive features and distinctions in the form of separate practical and technical means, which provide opportunities for constructing cultural identities of representatives of the creative class.

Key words: cultural industries, cultural identity, creative industries, precariat, media consumption.

References

Anna V. BOKOVA

Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
Assistant in The Department of Cultural Studies, Theory and History of Culture

Industrialization of Culture: from Critisism to the Network Construction

In the modern world there is a change of approaches of productions’ industrializing and economic activity. The cultural sphere is becoming one of the economy’s sectors. Comprehending of the culture and creativity as a paramount source of economic and socio and cultural development led to the occurring of the concepts «cultural industries», «creative industries». In the Russian language the concept «creative industries» is divided into: industries aimed at getting the commercial profit, and industries which make the first paradigm of the creative product.
In this article the attempt to define main differences of these concepts and to justify the expedience of the usage of all three concepts is made. The author describes ontological bases of the culture’s industrializing, reveals major goals of each industry, shows the system of relations between industries, which is built on the way of work with the creative product. Cultural and creative industries are given as net structures which allow to visualize industries’ structure and to form more accurate vision of interrelations between them.

Key words: cultural industries, creative industries, net structures, network, cultural economy, creative economy, concepts differences.

References

Irina ANTIPOVA

Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Department of Educational Psychology
PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor

The Issues of Studying the Cultural Productions of Subject Era: Contradictions and Paradoxes

The issue of studying the cultural productions has become relevant in connection with the expansion of these productions and the change in the methodology of science and humanities studies, including cultural studies. The production of subject is paradoxically at its core, and this paradoxical nature becomes extremely glaring in cultural industries that are related to the rational calculation of efficiency and productivity. Studying these issues is only possible if one do not reduce the practices of cultural industries to the production of goods and services in the field of culture. The issues of the research methodology can be defined if to interpret the cultural industries and approaches to their assessment as cultural practices that enter into a dialogue with the other practices of culture. This will provide an opportunity to notice the paradoxes of culture and comprehend them productively.

Key words: culture, cultural industries cultural production, subject, methodology, producer, consumer, goods, contradictions, paradoxes.

References

Elena ZELENTSOVA

Vice-president of Skolkovo Foundation, Director of Urban Environment Development, Head of the Glazychev Department of Territorial Development Studies at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Head of the MA in Cultural Management program «Creative Industries» at the Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Ph.D. in Culturology

Governmental Support for the Creative Industries

This article is about actual theme of governmental support for the creative industries in Russia. The author describes problems in this sphere (most of them are related to the lack of legal definition and understanding of creative industries) and offers comprehensive measures to manage them.

Key words: creative industries, creative entrepreneurship, governmental support, state programs, cultural policy.

References

Andrey Nikolaevich KABATSKOV

National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm, Russia
Associate Professor of Humanities, Ph.D.

Luddites in Modern Cultural Industry. Perm Case

Luddites is a historical term used to describe a type of artisan, lost their guild status, economic independence and position in the course of the industrial revolution. Perm case allows us to apply the term to a situation of mass introduction of cultural industries in the modern city.
In modern society, Gallery is a specialized factory for the production of art. It organizes artistic activity of people of art, develops rules for distinguishing art, creates a center of attraction for artists, their agents and producers. Similar functions are performed by modern theaters, museums, book fairs and exhibition centers.
The paper presents an analysis of resistance practices that the local branch of the Union of Artists of Russia, some writers and journalists met with the development of the project in the Perm Museum of Modern Art PERMM and support program for cultural industries. Displaying the birth of public skirmishes in the press, the ideology of resistance to cultural invasion. The core of the resistance ideology was the idea of the construction of the local territorial identity, spiritual identity and traditions of the mining civilization storage (Ivanov). This allowed the opposition to present a cosmopolitan conflict, businessmen and the keepers of folk traditions.
The reason for the defeat of bearers is a disability to mobilize citizens. Relegating them to the role of spectators, and the power of the initiators of the cultural changes turned them into the crowd of onlookers in no one's own social position. As a result of the defeat of “Perm cultural project” Luddites were able to celebrate a victory (in contrast to their British predecessors), and creative industries were compromised.

Key words: cultural industries, resistance, innovation, Luddites, urban culture.

References

Valeriy GORDIN

National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Department of Management
Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor

Kseniya KUZMINA

National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Department of Management
Ph.D., Associate Professor

Margarita NIKOLSKAYA

National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Department of Management
Master Student, Master's Program “Experience Economy: Hospitality and Tourism Management”

A Study on the Educational Potential of Creative Spaces

The number of creative spaces in St. Petersburg is constantly increasing, and their activities influence more and more the formation of the urban cultural environment. Creative spaces become locations for various events (cultural and educational), contribute to the formation of new educational and cultural territory products. In this connection it becomes relevant to analyze the development of educational services that provide creative entrepreneurs – residents of creative spaces. This trend is, on the one hand, a response to the online educational platforms (Coursera, edX, Universarium et al.), that provide educational services of high level in a virtual way, and on the other hand, it makes possible to develop new formats – quests, role play, different types of activity-related courses. Also, there is another research problem: whether educational projects of creative entrepreneurs replace traditional institutions of further education of adults and school children or close new niches? The article is devoted to the study of these issues.

Key words: creative space, creative industries, educational activities, further education.

References

Alexander KRAMER

Leningrad State University named after A.S.Pushkin, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Ph.D. in Cultural Studies, Senior Lecturer

Сultural Industries: Some Their Reatures Regarding Cultural Reproduction of the Printed Media

The article concerns some historical and cultural circumstances of “cultural industries” concept’s appearing and some features of the printed media’s development during the second part of the XX century. In the first part of the article it is trying to point the key roles of intellectual property, as well as computerization process and of ‘homo computabilis’ idea, and trace their ways to be assembled in the whole design of “cultural industries” concept. The second part concerns some “ndustrial” aspects of the printed media reproduction in culture using some tools of the theory of practices. And in the last part of the article certain assumptions about further AI’s development within the scope of cultural industries were made.

Key words: cultural industries, creativity, homo computabilis, intellectual property, media industry, press, AI.

References

Nikolay YAROSHENKO

Moscow State Institute (University) of Culture, Russia
Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Social and Cultural Activities

The Entertainment Industry in the Field of Contemporary Cultural Practices

The article discusses the entertainment industry – a new segment of cultural industries, the formation of which reflects the general regularities of development of modern cultural process. Hedonistic function determines the specificity of all social and cultural functions of the entertainment industry (educational function, cognitive function, function of recreation, the entertainment function, communicative function, etc.). The possibility of obtaining fun and excitement is the main encouraging motto for entertainment. In the development of global entertainment industry needs to gain new experiences dominates. Further development of the entertainment industry the author considers as the development of socio-cultural technologies, allowing to solve tasks of social-cultural education and personal development in the specific conditions of organized leisure.

Key words: cultural industry, entertainment industry, leisure industry, leisure and entertainment functions, entertainment, industry.

References

Nikolay SUVOROV

Saint Petersburg State Institute of Culture, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Professor of Department of Theory and History of Culture

Curating and Auction as Free Artistic Practices

Practices are in the processes of performativity. The most free forms of practice are curating and auctions, since they allow the independent circulation of works of art. The curator has several characteristics and shows a special mental ability. Its flexibility is formed in the advanced ability of communication. The auction demonstrates free circulation of works of art.

Key words: art work, practice, creativity, curator, auction, performativity, imagination, values, meanings.

References

Leonid MENSHIKOV

Saint-Petersburg State Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Head of the Humanities Department, Ph.D. in Philosophy, Associate Professor

The Types of the Creative Industries in the Action Art of the 1960th

Article tracks the formation of the creative industries in action art of the 1960th. The reasons and conditions for the distribution of the creative industries are established. The history of the main industrial forms of creativity is described. The typology of the most widespread creative industries is formed. The features of such art forms as multiple, art-shop, lecture, trademark are analyzed. The conclusions on extensive material of the artifacts created by the art styles close to conceptualism are drawn. The main attention to formation of the creative industries within art projects of fluxus art, pop art, arte povera is paid.

Key words: cultural industries, creative industries, conceptualism, concept, instruction, art shop, fluxus, mail-art, multiple, event, lecture- performance.

References

Svetlana LAVROVA

Vaganova Ballet Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Ph.D. in Art Sciences, Vice-Rector for Research and Development

Neo-Conceptual Art in New Music of the XXI Century: Idea as a Commodity, Creative Writing as a Trademark

The article is devoted to the new technologies in the music of the XXI century, copies known modes of production in a globalizing world. The article analyzes the work of the composer-neo-conceptual artist J. Kreidler. In composition «Fremdarbeit» “Outsourcing” composer sells as a matter of composing art the idea of using human labor from Third World countries involved in the overall artistic process. The main conclusion of the analysis carried out in the article: the idea in contemporary composition acts is a commodity. A creative composer's handwriting becomes an analogue of the brand.

Key words: new music, modern creative technology, media art, neo-conceptual art.

References

Tatiana SKRIPOVA

College of Tourism, Saint Petersburg, Russia
PhD in Cultural Studies, Associate Professor

Entertaining Modalities of Tourism: From Initiation to Seduction

The dynamics of modern food and recreation enterprises development reflects the shift in the worldview paradigm not so much to functional, as to leisure, gaming and entertainment characteristics. Among entertaining modalities there is physiological transgression that is expressed in perverse needs satisfaction. The restaurants with the staff of twins, nanuses, children can be considered both as a new social game and as an attempt to overcome different kinds of inequality: physical, age- related and cultural. The variety of existing and emerging entertaining modalities in tourism demonstrates ambivalent combination of cultural models aimed at the search of new ways of society functioning in the framework of the repressive seduction and manipulation with the customer.

Key words: innovation, tourism, service, myth, culture, hotel, restaurant, tour, initiation, seduction, entertainment, food.

References

Vera SADOVNIKOVA

Tula State Pedagogical University by L. N. Tolstoy, Tula, Russia
Postgraduate Student

The Phenomenon of “Theatrical Pedagogy” in the Architectonics of Social and Cultural Processes of the Early XX Century

The article deals with the concept of “cultural industries”, its evolution in the studies of Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Bernard Mezha, A. Flier. Highlighted the main features of the concept of “cultural industry”: the complexity, ambivalence, contradictory, mass and standardized.
“Cultural industries” as a phenomenon has its history and prehistory of the formation. In the XIX century theater became a mass phenomenon, began to develop a system of professional training of the actor (the position B. Karatygina, M. Shchepkin, etc.). In the twentieth century, theater acquired a new social functions declared themselves as “educational projects” on the formation of public awareness, education and re-education of the masses, has become an active tool of socialization. Theatrical actively “invaded” the field of “cultural production”, the mass production of ideas and meanings. As a result, there were various theatrical trends and schools.
The article shows theater as a phenomenon for which we can apply the term “cultural industries”.

Key words: cultural industries, culture, complexity, ambivalence, contradictory, mass, standardize, theatrical sphere, the system of professional training the actor, the symbolic creativity, inculturation.

References

Ekaterina VASILYEVA

Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Associate Professor, Ph.D. in Art Sciences

The Phenomenon of Fashion Photography: the Order of Mythological Systems

In the systems of the twentieth century — social, artistic and mythological — fashion photography takes a very special place. On the one hand, its specifics is defined by a narrow-functional task: presentation and demonstration of clothes and fashion items. On the other hand, its basic principle is the creation of ideologies, the boundaries of which extend far beyond the practical tasks. In fact, fashion photography has played a central role in the creation of the phenomenon of fashion. It takes a major part in the creation of the environment, which we identify as the instrument of establishing values. Fashion photography forms the other than language or commodity economic of values, ignoring the principle of direct relevance and direct equivalent. It allows to consider fashion as a symbolic system, which is opposed to the principle of the dichotomy of sign. The article is devoted to fashion photography which could be recognized as an example of cultural industries — that reproduces not only the social stereotypes of a sign, but also support the regulation of mythological systems.

Key words: fashion photography, mythological system, Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard, Michel Foucault, Mikhail Bakhtin, language, sign, ideology, Edward Steichen, George Hoyningen-Huene, Helmut Newton, Nick Knight.

References

Alexey KYLASOV

Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Academic Department Sports Industry Management and Marketing
Associate Professor, PhD in Cultural Anthropology

Valery RASTORGUEV

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law
Professor, Doctor of Science in Philosophy

Ethnosport in Event Tourism

The article presents the results of a study of the authenticity factors of ethnosport competitions, which originally existed as rituals of traditional games in the framework of people’s holidays. The festivities now serve as a catalyst for the development of the formed tourist areas and directions, since they help to overcome the problems of seasonality and compensate for periods with low tourist activity due to an increase in the flow of visitors. The traditional games always contain one main competition of ethnosport, which serves as the culmination of an event. From all the diversity of ethnosport, we chose to study kayak competitions with using traditional boats during the people’s holidays. We have studied the experience of two decades since the beginning of the new history in the conditions of sporting races on Chinese Dragon boats (canoes) and Khanty-Mansi races on oblas (kayaks) by comparing sociological surveys at competitions in Macau (China), Melbourne (Australia), and Nefteyugansk (Russia). The aim of the research was the development of the concept of people’s holidays in the face of contradictions by the correlation between authenticity and commoditization – depersonalization under the influence of statutory standards in the approaches to organizing mass cultural and sporting events. Identifying the risks of commoditization is the main goal of our study aimed at finding mechanisms for compensating for the negative impact of socio- cultural design. Interpretation of the results of the research aimed at forming recommendations to the organizers of ethnosport competitions in event tourism, including the features of working with participants, spectators, international organizations and information support.

Key words: authenticity, cultural project management, ethnosport, event management, people’s holidays, sport, traditional games.

References

Svetlana KARDINSKAYA

Saint-Petersburg State University of Industrial Technology and Design, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Graduate School of Print and Media
Professor, Doctor of Science in Philosophy

Ornament Outlines of Muslim Culture in the Advertising Discourse of the Social Networks of St-Petersburg

The article presents the results of a study of Muslim communities in the social networks of St. Petersburg from the position of advertising communication. In today’s Russian society the interest in religious practices is growing. Religious values are presented not only in conventional forms, but in the form of advertisements. The Muslim communities are the most active in this area. The article analyzes the Muslim advertising, presented in nine Russian online communities. In the article the classification of advertising messages and identification of the core values represented by advertising is supposed. The study shows the advertising message as an ornamental configuration. The article reveals the mechanisms of constructing of the Muslim community in the advertising discourse. The transformation of the religious concept of “Halal” in the international brand plays an important role in this process. It also spreads it the set of communicative practices. Advertising is becoming a modern way of constructing of religious community.

Key words: advertising, confessional community, communication, discourse, Halal, Muslims, brand, ornamentation.

References

Kevin HART

University of Virginia, USA
Department of Religious Studies
Edwin B. Kyle Professor of Christian Studies, Full Doctor of Philosophy

The Neutral Reduction: Thomas l’obscur

Translation from English into Russian Korotkov D.M., Korotkov I.S.: Hart, Kevin The Neutral Reduction: Thomas l’obscur // Clandestine Encounters. Philosophy in the Narratives of Maurice Blanchot / Edited by Kevin Hart. - University of Notre Dame Press, 2010. Pp. 61-90.

Key words: philosophy, Doppelganger, Maurice Blanchot, Heraclitus, Heidegger, literature, phenomenological reduction, obscure, neutral, the Outside, Imaginary.

Vladimir KONEV

Samara State University, Samara, Russia
Head of the Department of Philosophy of Humanitarian Faculties, Doctor of Science in Philosophy, Professor

Towards of the New Modern Culture (On the book Konev V. Sense of Culture. Samara. 2016. 276 p.)

The author presents a collection of articles “The Sense of Culture”, which analyzes the features of modern European culture. The author argues that the current stage of development of culture can be described as the realization of a new project of modernity. This is reflected in the fact that, since Nietzsche, again revived the value of life itself, is approved by the unconditional value of individuality, freedom throw the shackles of necessity and truth throw uniqueness, knowledge logic is replaced by the logic of sense. This trend of development of culture requires a new type of education, a new type of thinking, a new nature of social relations, which would proceed from the priority of personal principle.

Key words: culture, sense, project of modernity, the logic of sense, individuality, personality, freedom, cultural space and time.